Carburetor



April 3, 1934. F. w. HODGES 1,953,897

CARBURETOR Filed Jan. 14, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1.

vweuto'c 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 a 3 w 7 & m 4 W iv a m w/l/gg 0 a w v April 3,1934. F. w. HODGES CARBURETOR Filed Jan. 14, 1950 Patented Apr. 3, 1934UNITED STATES,

'CARBURETOR Frederick W. Hodges, Grosse Pointe, Mich assignor to DetroitLubricator Company, Detroit, Mich, a corporation of Michigan ApplicationJanuary 14, 1930, Serial No. 420,709

9 Claims. (01. 26l4l) My invention relates to new and usefulimprovements in carburetors, and more particular- 1y to means tosupplement the normal fuel mixture fed to an internal combustion engine.

An object of my invention is to provide a device which is regulatable atthe will of the opera tor to increase the richness of the fuel mixture.

Another object is to provide means to supply a charge of fuel forstarting which is additional to the normal supply.

Another object is to provide means to supply additional fuel for warmingup the engine.

The invention consists in the improved con-, struction and combinationof parts, to be more fully described hereinafter and the novelty ofwhich will be particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed.

In the accompanying drawings to be taken as a part of thisspecification, I have fully and clearly illustrated a preferredembodiment of my invention, in which drawings Figure 1 is a view infront elevation and partly in vertical central section of a carburetorembodying my'invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in end elevation and partly in section;

Fig. 3 is a detail section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Figs. 4 and 5 are detail sections showing the relative positions of theparts in certain operative positions thereof, and

Fig. 6 is a detail section on the line 6-6of Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings by characters of reference, 1 designates,generally, a carburetor comprising a hollow body member having apassageway therethrough including an air chamber 2 with an air inlet 3thereto, and a mixing chamber 4 positioned thereabove. The chambers 2and 4 have communication through a port 5 providing the main air inlet,and having a peripheral valve seat 6 for cooperation with the peripheryof a valve member 7, preferably of the mushroom type. The member 7 has astem 8 which is vertically reciprocable in a guide member .8 which risesfrom the bottom wall of chamber 2. The stem 8 extends through the bottomwall of chamher 2 and terminates in a dash-pot chamber 9 formed by adepending cylindrical flange l0.

, The bottom wall of the chamber 9 is formed by a plate member 11 whichis tightly clamped to flange 10 by bolts, or the like, 12. Withinchamher 9 is a piston 13 rigid with the bottom end of stem 8.longitudinally through the valve mem per 7, stem '8, and piston 13, is abore 14 which is constricted, as at 15, to provide a valve port.

her 9 above piston 13.

Through stem 8 within chamber 9 and below port 15, is a port 16 foradmission of fuel to the bore 14. Depending concentrically from member11 is a hollow boss 17 in which is adjustably threaded a metering pinmember 18 which cooperates with port 15 to control fuel flow to themixing chamber 4 from the main nozzle or fuel inlet 19 in bore 14.Through the piston 13 is a port 20 in which is an upward opening checkvalve 21 to retard the upward or opening movement of the valve member'7. Liquid fuel is supplied to the chamber 9 from a reservoir or floatchamber 22 by a conduit or passageway 23 opening into cham- Atmosphericpressure is maintained in reservoir 22 over the liquid fuel therein byan air inlet port 24, or the like. The chamber 4 has a mixture outlet orpassage 25 which is controlled by the usual throttle valve 26 secured ona shaft 27 'journaled in the wall of member 1. the wall of member 1 andhas fixed thereon an operating arm or levermember 28 having stops 29,3-0 to limit rotation of shaft 27.

In the wall of member 1 laterally of chamber 2, is a bore 31, preferablycylindrical, which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis ofshaft 2'? and which comprises a valve chamber. The bore or chamber 31is. closed at one end, as at 32, and is open at its other end, as at 33.Within the valve chamber is a valve member 34, preferably a cylindricalplunger having a sliding fit in the bore 31. At its inner end, themember 34 is spaced, as at 35, from the end wall 32. The opposite end ofmember 34 extends from chamber 31 out of the open end 33, and hasrigidly secured thereon a stop member 36, preferably a circumferentialcollar which abuts member 1 to limit inward movement of member 34.Opening into the space 35 is a conduit or passageway 37 which extendsdownward in member 1 and opens into a substantially horizontalpassageway or conduit 38 which cormnunicates with passage 23. Themember34 has a circumferential recess 39 which increases in depth towardpassageway 37 and which terminates in a transverse shoulder 40.Transversely through member 34 at recess 39 is a port or aperture 41,the circumferential edge of which is substantially in the plane ofshoulder 40. Through the member 34 is a longitudinal bore or passageway42 which opens at one end into port 41 and at its other end into space35. The end of member 34 is beveled, as at 43, to insure communicationbetween bore 42 and conduit 37. Extending through the member 1 from thereservoir 22 above the normal fuel level is an air inlet port One end ofshaft 27 extends through or passage 44 which opens into the chamber 31at recess 39 such that when member 34 is in its normal or innermostposition the edge of port 44 is substantially in the plane of shoulder40. Extending through member 1 between bore 31 and chamber 4 is apassageway or conduit 45 which is normally closed by member 34 but whichopens into recess 39 when shoulder 40 cuts off port 44. On the member 1is a vertical boss 46 positioned between port 44 and conduit 37 andthrough which is a conduit or passageway 47 opening at one end into theoutlet 25 beyond the throttle valve or control means 26 and opening atits other end into the bore 31 at a point such that conduit 45 is cutoff by shoulder 40 when member 34 uncovers conduit 47. On member 1 aresubstantially parallel vertically spaced lugs 48 between which ispivoted a bell-crank lever member 49, one arm 50 of which underlies thestop-member 36. Extending between and positively connecting the member34 and arm 50 is a pin member 51, so that oscillation of member 49 willreciprocate member 34. The member 49 may be connected by means of theclamp 52 to an operating wire or red, not shown, which may be extendedto within reach of the operator.

The operation of my carburetor is as follows: The throttle valve 26 isopened slightly and the valve member 34 is moved to the position of Fig.5 from normal position, Fig. 2. This will cut off inlet port 44 andconnect passageway 47 through bore 31 with passageways 37 and 38 and thefuel reservoir 22. If the engine is now turned over", liquid fuel willbe drawn from the reservoir 22 through passageway 47 into outlet 25above the throttle valve 26. This charge of liquid fuel will mix withthe very lean mixture from the main air and fuel inlets 5 and 19,respectively, to supply the requisite extremely rich priming charge forstarting the engine. As soon as the engine fires, the member 34 isreturned from starting position, Fig. 5, to warming-up position, Fig. 4,which cuts off passageway 47 and substantially simultaneously therewiththe throttle valve is moved further open. The air inlet port 44 remainscut off, but conduit 45 is now open into recess 39 and fuel will bedrawn from the reservoir 22 through passageways 38, 37, bore 31,passageway 42, port 41, recess 39 and conduit 45 to the mixing chamber 4to mix with the main air and fuel from inlets 5 and 19, respectively.When the engine has warmed up, the member 34 is returned to normalrunning position, Figs. 2 and 6, which cuts off conduit 45 and suppliesatmospheric air to recess 39 from port 44, so that any sub-atmosphericpressure in bore or chamber 31 will be satisfied by the atmospheric airand no fuel will be drawn from conduit 37. To further aid in breakingany suction effect through conduits 45 and 47 on the fuel in passageway37, the passageway 37 is open to atmosphere through space 35, bore 42and the port 41, which in Fig. 6 is shown in communication with port 44opening into the float chamber above the normal liquid level therein,the chamber being open to atmosphere through inlet 24.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesis:

1. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow bodymember containing a mixture passageway, main air and fuel inlets to saidpassageway, a fuel reservoir connected to said main fuel inlet, a valvechamber, a conduit from said reservoir to said valve chamber, a conduitfrom said valve chamber to said passagcway, a slide valve having alongitudinal passage and positioned valve chamber, and an air inlet portto said valve chamber, said valve having a transverse port normallyregistering with said air inlet port, said transverse port communicatingwith one end of said longitudinal passage, the other end of saidl0ngitudinal passage communicating with said firstnamed conduit, saidvalve having a position in which said transverse port and saidlongitudinal passage establish communication between said conduits,

2. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow bodymember having a mixing chamber, main air and fuel inlets to saidchamber, a fuel reservoir, a passage leading from said reservoir to saidfuel inlet, a valve chamber, a fuel supply conduit connecting saidpassage and said valve chamber, a conduit for supplying fuel from saidvalve chamber to said mixing chamber, an outlet from said mixingchamber, a conduit for supplying fuel from said valve chamber to saidoutlet, an air inlet to said valve chamber from said reservoir, and avalve in said valve chamber operable to control said conduits.

3. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow bodymember containing a mixture passageway therein, main air and fuel inletsto said passageway, a valve chamber, a valve member in said valvechamber and having a circumferential recess, a transverse passage insaid valve member opening into said recess, a longitudinal passageway insaid valve member communicating with said passage and opening throughthe inner end of said valve member, a conduit for supplying fuel to saidvalve chamber and to said longitudinal passageway, a conduit from saidvalve chamber to said mixture passageway and being normally closed bysaid valve member, and an air inlet port to said recess for supplyingatmospheric air to said first-named conduit, said valve member closingsaid air port upon movement to place said conduits in communication.

4. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow bodymember having a mixing chamber therein, main air and fuel inlets to saidchamber, an outlet from said chamber, a valve chamber, a valve membermovable in said valve chamber, means to supply fuel to said valvechamber, a conduit from said valve chamber to said outlet, a conduitfrom said valve chamber to said mixing chamber, an air inlet port tosaid valve chamber, and a passageway through said valve member normallyconnecting said air inlet port and said fuel supply means, said valvemember having a position in which said passageway connects saidlast-named conduit and said fuel supply means, said valve member havinganother position in which said first-named conduit and said fuel supplymeans are in direct communication through said valve chamber.

5. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow bodymember having a mixing chamber therein, main air and fuel inlets to saidchamber, an outlet from said chamber, a valve chamber, a valve membermovable in said valve chamber, a constantly open fuel supply conduit forsaid valve chamber, a passageway through said valve member, an air inletport normally registering with said passageway to supply air to saidfuel conduit, a conduit from said valve chamber to said mixing chamber,said passageway establishing communication between said conduits uponmovement of said valve member to place said passageway out of registrywith said air inlet port, and a. conduit from said valve chamber to saidoutlet, said valve member establishing communication between saidlastnamed conduit and said fuel conduit upon further movement of saidvalve member to carry said passageway and said second-named conduit outof registry.

6. A carburetor oil the character described, comprising a hollow bodymember having a pas sageway therethrough, main air and fuel inlets tosaid passageway, a fuel reservoir open to the atmosphere, a conduitopening from said reservoir and discharging into said main fuel inlet, avalve casing having a chamber therein, a fuel supply conduit separatefrom said first-named conduit and opening from below the normal fuellevel in said reservoir into said chamber, a valve in said chamber, aconduit for supplying fuel from said chamber to said passageway, asecond conduit for supplying fuel from said chamber to said passageway,and an air inlet to said chamber, said valve having a plurality ofpositions'and being operable in one position to establish communicationbetween said second-named and said third-named conduits, said valvebeing operable in another position to establish communication betweensaid second-named conduit and said fourth-named conduit, and in anotherposition to permit inflow of air from said secondnamed air inlet and toclose said third-named conduit.

'7. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow bodymember having a passageway therethrough, main air and fuel inlets tosaid passageway, a fuel reservoir, a casing having a valve chambertherein, a valve in said chamber, a conduit connecting said reservoir tosaid chamber, a plurality of conduits from said chamber to saidpassageway, said valve memher being operable to connect said conduitsindependently to said first-named conduit, and an air inlet passage tosaid chamber controlled by said valve member, said air inlet passagenormally supplying air at atmospheric pressure to said first-namedconduit above the normal fuel level whereby to prevent discharge of fuelfrom said first-named conduit into said chamber.

8. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow bodymember having a mixing chamber therein and an outlet from said chamber,a throttle controlling said outlet, main air and fuel inlets to saidchamber, a fuel reservoir, a casing having a valve chamber therein, avalve in said valve chamber, a conduit connecting said reservoir to saidvalve chamber, a conduit leading from said valve chamber to said outletbeyond the throttle, a conduit leading from said valve chamber to saidmixing chamber, said valve being operable to cut off communicationbetween said first-named conduit and each of the conduits leading fromsaid valve chamber, and an air inlet passage to said valve chambercontrolled by said valve member, said air inlet passage normallysupplying air at atmospheric pressure to said first-named conduit abovethe normal fuel level whereby to prevent discharge of fuel from saidfirst-named conduit into said valve chamber.

9. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow bodymember having a mixing chamber, main air and fuel inlets to saidchamber, a fuel reservoir, a passage leading from said reservoir to saidfuel inlet, a valve chamher, a fuel supply conduit connecting saidreservoir and said valve chamber, a fuel supply conduit leading fromsaid valve chamber to said mixing chamber, an outlet from said mixingchamber, a fuel supply conduit leading from said valve chamber to saidoutlet, an air supply conduit to said valve chamber, and a valve in saidvalve chamber operable to control each of said conduits. I

FREDERICK W. HODGES.

